Which layer of the OSI model does a switch operate on?

A switch operates primarily at the Data Link layer of the OSI model, which is the second layer. This layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and error correction before the data is delivered to the Network layer above it.

Switches use MAC (Media Access Control) addresses to forward data to the correct device on the network, allowing them to make decisions about where to send traffic based on the unique hardware addresses of the devices. This ability to segment a local area network (LAN) and minimize collisions enhances network performance and efficiency.

The Transport layer, which is the fourth layer, deals with the end-to-end communication and flow control between devices, but it does not involve switches directly. The Network layer focuses on routing packets across different networks, which is outside the scope of what a switch does since it operates within a single network. Lastly, the Application layer is at the top of the OSI model and is responsible for high-level protocols and user interface, further distinguishing its functions from those of a switch. Thus, the Data Link layer is the correct choice for the operations of a switch.